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M. Caruso, V. Castiglia, R. Miceli, F. Pellitteri, C. Spataro, F. Viola
Magnetic Field Effects on Human Bodyof Wireless Chargers for E-bikes

For the electric vehicles battery charging, the wireless power transmission is increasingly representing an innovative solution. The inductive power transfer is the standard technology of wireless charging: the energy transfer occurs between two magnetically coupled coils. Although this battery charging system is especially convenient for E-bikes, the physiological effects of the related magnetic fields shall be estimated and taken into account. In this paper, a 200 W prototype of wireless battery charger for E-bikes is proposed and described. Moreover, various measurements of the surrounding magnetic field are carried out to evaluate the actual physiological compatibility of the system.

M. Caruso, A. O. Di Tommaso, R. Miceli, C. Nevoloso, C. Spataro, F. Viola
Comparison of three Control Drive Systems for Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

In a previous paper, we proposed a control strategy for interior permanent synchronous motors, which takes into account also the reduction of the motor power losses. The novelty of the suggested approach is that it takes into consideration the variations of all the motor parameters that have an influence on its efficiency. In order to verifyon the field the effectiveness of this new method, we implemented the proposed loss model algorithm in a control drive system and compared its performances, in terms of energy losses with respect to other conventional techniques.

Razvan C. Rafaila
Electric Power Steering System Implementation using Generalized Predictive Control

Current research in the automotive industry is tending more and more to developing control systems for complete autonomous driving vehicles. In this paper our aim is to present a Generalized Predictive Control (GPC) approach for the Electric Power Steering (EPS) system for the classical purpose of assisting the driver in the steering manoeuvres and also for controlling the lateral vehicle dynamics in autonomous driving. The EPS system is currently employed for steering assistance in most of the vehicles due to its advantages - engine independence/ fuel economy energy, tunability of steering feel, modularity/quick assembly, compact size and environmental compatibility. First, the performance of the GPC control system is presented for driver assistance, and the performance in automatic steering manoeuvres is finally introduced. The results show that the proposed control system could show good performances in practical use.

Nicolae Daniel Irimia, Florin Ioan Lazar
A Comparative Study of Different BLDC Motor Construction Types Used in Automotive Industry under Specific Command Strategies

The automotive industry future focus is based on the construction of hybrid and fully electric vehicles, with the trend towards autonomous driving. Different electric drive subsystems from the structure of these electric vehicles are aiming to achieve a higher efficiency, which is why permanent magnet synchronous machines of either BLDC / PMSM type are currently being used as main actuators in their construction. These types of electrical machines are known in the literature as having sufficient power density and efficiency to meet the criteria and requirements of the automotive building industry. That's why an important area of interest is the construction and the control topology specific to these electrical machines. Based on these considerations, the paper purpose is to present a comparative study regarding different constructive types concepts of BLDC electrical machines and different control methods related to them. In order to validate the theoretical aspects of this study, two distinct ways of modelling and simulation were used in parallel: the first method is based on FEM (Finite Element Method) analysis and the second analytical method uses the MATLAB / Simulink software package.

Gabriel Constantin Sârbu
Evaluation of Measurement Uncertainty in Calibration Standard Volumetric Installation for Water Meters Verification

For the design and construction of an standard volumetric installation for water flowmeters verification/calibration, is taken account of all the metrological, structural and functional characteristics requirements and the measurement uncertainty.All the individual uncertainty components of the volumetric installation for water meters verification should have predefined values and provide for the total expanded measurement uncertainty of the installation a smaller value. For calibration of volumetric installations, standard volume measures are required for secondary calibrations with appropriate nominal values, pipette, thermometer, chronometer.Measurement uncertainty evaluation involves determining the influence factors of the calibration. The main factors of influence are: volume measurement of the installation; the volume correction due to the temperature of the liquid; correction due to liquid evaporation; correction due to leakage.

Gabriel Constantin Sârbu
Evaluation of Measurement Uncertainty in Calibration Standard Gravimetric Installationfor Water Flowmeters Verification

The paper refers to evaluation of measurement uncertainty in calibration standard gravimetric installation for water meter verification/calibration. For design and construction of a standard gravimetric installation for water meters verification/calibration, is taken account of all metrological, constructive and functional requirements and uncertainty.All the individual uncertainty components of the gravimetric installation for water meters verification should have predefined values and provide for the total extended measurement uncertainty of the installation a smaller value. For the calibration of gravimetric installations, weighing instruments, measuring instruments for environmental conditions (thermometer, hygrometer, barometer), thermometers for measuring water temperature are required.Measurement uncertainty evaluation involves determining the influence factors of the calibration. The main factors of influence are: the linearity correction of balance, the uncertainty of the calibration of the balance (taken from the calibration certificate), derive the balance indication with the temperature and the resolution of the balance, correction for archimedical force, correction due to liquid evaporation; correction due to leakage.

Rodica Holonec, Romul Copindean, Florin Dragan, Laszlo Rapolti
Measurements on a DC Motor using Imaging and Virtual Instrumentation Techniques

The paper presents an experimental system that implements different measurement techniques of some parameters related to a DC motor. The measurement is not made in a classical way. Thus, the measured values like speed, vibrations, temperature and geometrical sizes are taken from images or are illustrated in distinct colors so the user has a friendly interface to relate with. The proposed applications can be of two types: static measurements on a motor that is not running, and dynamic monitoring tests, on the same motor while it is in operation. The system is a combination of hardware and software elements for data acquisition, vision inspection and virtual instrumentation techniques. The proposed monitoring methods could work together, and the correlated measured data could be used in a comprehensive predictive maintenance program.

S. Corodeanu, H. Chiriac, N. Lupu, T.-A. Óvári
Domain Wall Velocity and Magnetic Characterization in Bistable Glass Coated Wires

A method for simultaneous measurement of domain wall velocity and hysteresis loop in long bistable magnetic wires is presented. The measurement’s results have shown that recorded hysteresis loop present different coercivities depending on the position of the pickup coil along the wire. The observed behaviour was explained by taking into account the mechanism of magnetization reversal in these specific materials.

Hana Uršič, Romeo Ciobanu, Olga Plopa
Polyoxidic Thick Films for Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters

Thick films of 0.65Pb(Mg 1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.35PbTiO3 were studied as piezoelectric active elements for micro-electro-mechanical systems for piezoelectric energy harvesting. The best phase purity, dielectric and piezoelectric properties were tested. The piezoelectric coefficient was found equal to 120 pC/N.

Constantin-Daniel Oancea, Tiberiu Tudorache
Conditioning circuit for assessing the performance of renewable energy sources

Developing power energy from renewable energy resources (photovoltaic, wind, etc.) must be prepared according with criteria of a good use in terms of efficiency. Paper proposes an evaluation system of efficiency taken in consideration as many as possible quantities who are involved. This is useful for example to evaluate hybrid photovoltaic panels, which produce not only electrical energy, but also thermal energy.

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