Chloride is a corrosive anion that can attack steel and other metal embedded materials in concrete structures leading to its degradation. Chloride in concrete may come from the materials used for making concrete such as cement. Hence, it is important to have a reliable method for determining chloride in cement, in this case the water-soluble chloride which is representative of chloride that may pose corrosion risk. In this study, ASTM C1218/C1218M-20 was used as a guide for sample extraction and the water-soluble chloride was later quantified by ion chromatography. Validation of this method from extraction to instrumental determination was conducted by assessment of the linear range, detection limit, precision, and trueness. It was found that the method was suitable for the determination of water-soluble chloride content in cement.

The paper presents a methodology for calibration of high-frequency instruments, such as oscilloscopes, counters and function generators operating above 1 MHz up to GHz level. The methods were developed at the Laboratory for Electrical Measurements at Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, following the Calibration Guide EURAMET cg-7. The paper also discusses the challenges of setting up measurement traceability chain and uncertainty evaluation. These methods are important for the region of Southeast Europe, where the metrology facilities for calibration/testing of high frequency electronic devices are not sufficiently developed to meet the needs of the fast-growing automotive supply chain sector.

This paper presents a methodology for obtaining digital machine-readable measurements from numerical displays images. The proposed method provides means to automate and digitalize a previously manual and labour-intensive laboratory procedure for flowmeters calibration. The proposed method allows to obtain machine- readable readings from remote numerical displays with available-off-the-shelf hardware and open- source software. By using smartphones for remote image capture and streaming and the Tesseract open-source OCR engine, is possible to leverage the infrastructure’s digital transition, improve procedures efficiency and effectiveness while promoting sustainable actions with cost reductions.

Recycling of Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment provides an accessible source to gather Technology Critical Elements which are in constant need. The main metrological challenge consists in the lack of Certified Reference Materials for this kind of matrices impeding to perform SI traceable and reliable analytical measurements on those heterogeneous materials. This work describes the adoption of relative- and k0-standardization of Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis to quantify some of the Technology Critical Elements for certification in two Reference Material candidates.

Calibration certificates are the heart of metrological quality infrastructure and a central element of traceability of measurements. The Digital Calibration Certificate (DCC) is an endeavor to digitalize calibration certificates, developed coordinated by the PTB with the contributions of national and international partners. The DCC is implemented in XML format, and an XSD Schema is developed and maintained by PTB. The DCC schema allows validating the DCCs. Schematron is a schema language which is used to write logical rules for XML files. The PTB’s DCC team has prepared a Schematron validation tool with open-source resources.