Many papers have been written about geopolymers and their application, but only few of them report about the recipe to obtain suitable product for Cultural Heritage application. As regards to the production costs of geopolymers, we realized that these are not, now, comparable with those of cement Portland mortars, but the possibility of obtaining products for specific applications, makes the geopolymers suitable for specialist uses in the field of Cultural Heritage despite their cost. Starting from a simple metakaolin-based geopolymer we would try to find the right ingredients and proportion between them to obtain a simple white geopolymer mortar suitable for restoration and reintegration purposes with physical and chemical characteristics like the commercial restauration standard products. In order to determine the mechanical and chemical properties, we follow up the processes with standard analytical techniques such as XRD on solid precursor and compressive strength on the final products.

The sandstones belonging to the flysch-like deposits of the Macigno Formation are nearly the most used stones as a building material in north-western Tuscany. From prehistoric times to date, this stone has been employed to produce a wide variety of stone structures: prehistoric statue-stele, medieval monumental churches, railway infrastructures, town paving and civil buildings. The wide use of Macigno sandstones is responsible for the typical appearance of most towns and villages in north-western Tuscany; in fact, they show the grey to grey-yellowish colour of this stone, which lends them a quaint, old-time look. The aim of this work is the chemical, mineralogical, petrographical, physical and mechanical characterization of the Macigno sandstone from Garfagnana (LU) and Vellano (PT) within a wider research project directed to deepen the knowledge about the alteration and the decay of these sandstones.

During restoring operations of ancient buildings, datable between 1^th and 16^th century, in the city of Ravenna samples of mortars from different archaeological sites has been collected by the Superintendence for Archaeological Heritage of Emilia Romagna. Mineralogical and chemical analyses of these samples allowed to characterize mortars composition, comparing their features in order to highlight changes in construction technologies and chronological discrimination, by defining raw materials used and establishing their places of origin. In particular, mortars from: the Roman age San Zaccaria (Early Imperial period), the Cloisters of San Francesco (14^th - 17^th century and modern age) and Corte delle Antiche Carceri (dating back to Middle ages and modern age) were analyzed.

In maritime archaeology, acoustic remote sensing technology has traditionally been used to locate and document inundated archaeological sites and shipwrecks. These methods are constantly evolving as technology advances, allowing for detailed spatial investigation and interpretation of submerged archaeological features. In the last decade, the advent of ultra-high resolution sonars has enabled to solve the three-dimensional (3-D) shape of submerged objects providing a valuable tool for recognizing and describing archaeological resources at the seabed. Remote sensing for seabed archaeology developed from sonar systems used in military applications and geological prospection. Modern echo sounders measure physical properties of the seafloor (mainly backscatter) and water depth by transmitting acoustic energy toward the bottom and detecting the arrival times and directions of the acoustic energy that returns from the bottom. Such approaches are rapid in terms of acquisition and provide results that are repeatable and quantifiable, although post-processing is often required to optimize the information.

A multidisciplinary project is being carried out by an Italian-Montenegrin team in the Roman town of Doclea in Montenegro. Applying a multi- and interdisciplinary approach and multiscalar analysis to the site and its surrounding territory, it has been possible to identify traces of the decumanus maximus, not only in the public centre of the city, where the main road was partially already excavated, but also outside the walls of the town, even into the suburbs of the capital of Montenegro, Podgorica.